• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    row unit for a seeder machine. A planter row unit with an active downforce control system for the closing wheels is described. This separate control of downforce pressure to the closing wheels is provided by the downforce control of the row unit. A single operator input is used to establish a desired downforce for all row units. The control system then operates to produce the desired downforce. alternatively, the control system may display a downforce load to the operator which then manually makes the desired adjustments.
    公开号:BR102012008437B1
    申请号:R102012008437-6
    申请日:2012-04-10
    公开日:2018-11-06
    发明作者:Paul Riewerts；Elijah B. Garner；Nathan A. Mariman；Lee E. Zumdome
    申请人:Deere & Company；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    (54) Title: ROW UNIT FOR A SEEDING MACHINE (51) IntCI .: A01C 5/06; A01C 7/20.
    (30) Unionist Priority: 11/04/2011 US 13/083789.
    (73) Holder (s): DEERE & COMPANY.
    (72) Inventorfes): PAUL RIEWERTS; ELIJAH B. GARNER; NATHAN A. MARIMAN; LEE E. ZUMDOME.
    (57) Summary: ROW UNIT FOR A SEEDING MACHINE. A planter row unit with an active downforce control system for the closing wheels is described. This separate control of the downward pressure for the closing wheels is provided by the downward control of the row unit. A single operator input is used to establish a desired downforce for all row units. The control system then operates to produce the desired downward force. Alternatively, the control system can display a downforce load to the operator who then manually makes the desired adjustments.
    1/10 “ROW UNIT FOR A SEEDING MACHINE” Field of the Invention [001] The present disclosure relates to a row unit for a sowing machine comprising a row unit frame adapted to be mounted on a machine frame, a ditch opener and a ditch depth adjustment element, both mounted on that row unit frame; and, a trench closing arrangement movably mounted on the frame of the row unit. The trench closure arrangement has a ground contact element, and a downward trench actuator is operable to vary the force applied to the ground by the ground contact element as the seeder moves across a field, in which the trench closure arrangement includes a pivot arm rotationally coupled to the frame of the row unit with the ground contact element mounted on the pivot arm.
    Background and Summary of the Invention [002] It is known in the sowing technique to provide active control of down force in a row unit of a seeding machine, such as a planter, to ensure that the ditch opener is operating at an adequate depth and to control the downforce to provide only the downforce required. This reduces unnecessary soil compaction adjacent to the seed ditch.
    [003] However, the appropriate downward force for the opener does not always provide adequate downward force on the closing wheels. An adjustable spring is typically provided between the closing wheels and the frame of the row unit. This can be adjusted by the operator before the operation and, if necessary, the operator can stop planting and readjust the down force springs of the closing wheels.
    [004] Such downward force adjustment is disclosed in EP 0 140 263 A1, where a sowing device including a closing wheel device
    Petition 870180023864, of 03/23/2018, p. 7/36
    2/10 vertically pivoting is provided, such that the pressure force on the ground can be varied for said closing wheel device, due to a vertically pivoting support arm of the closing wheel device, which is connected via a tension spring to a lever arranged in the sowing device frame. The pulling force of that tension spring acting on the frame can be varied through a manual lever connected to the tension spring, pivotally mounted on the support arm and capable of being locked in various catch or handle positions.
    [005] However, operators rarely have the time to adjust the downward force springs of the closing wheels during planting. [006] Consequently, an objective of the present invention is to provide a row unit, which facilitates the adjustment of the downward force of the closing wheel during planting.
    [007] The objective will be achieved by the teaching of claim 1 main. Additional advantageous embodiments are described in the other claims.
    [008] Consequently, a row unit of the type mentioned above is provided with a pivot arm being a first joint of a jointed system in parallelogram together with a second joint and a coupler, the first and second joints being connected to the frame of the unit row, and the coupler connected to each of those first and second hinges, and where the ditch closing down force actuator is connected between the row unit frame and the coupler to move the coupler and thereby the arm pivot to vary a load applied to the ground by the contact element with the ground, in which connection between the coupler and the pivot arm allows lateral adjustment of the pivot arm in relation to the coupler.
    [009] A row unit with a downward force control system for the closing wheels is revealed. The said downward force control of the closing wheels can be active, namely, closed circuit,
    Petition 870180023864, of 03/23/2018, p. 8/36
    3/10 or inactive, that is, open circuit. This downward pressure control for the closing wheels can be separated from the downward control of the row unit or may be related to the downward control of the row unit by taking the downward force of the closing wheels proportional to the force descending from the row unit. In closed-loop control, the operator's input into the control system is used to adjust a desired downward force to the closing wheels. The control system then operates the downforce actuator to produce the desired downforce. In open circuit control, a monitor displays a load to the operator who then commands the operation of the downforce actuator to change the downforce on the closing wheels as desired.
    Brief Description of Drawings
    Figure 1 is a side view of a row unit of a seeder;
    Figure 2 is a side view of the arrangement of the closing wheels of the row unit of figure 1 with a closing wheel removed to illustrate the arrangement;
    Figure 3 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of the arrangement of closing wheels;
    Figure 4 is a sectional view along line 4-4 of Figure 2;
    Figures 5 and 6 are schematic diagrams of a downforce control system for the seeder; and
    Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of an alternative downforce control system for the seeder.
    Description of the Invention [0010] Referring now to the drawings and, more particularly, to that figure 1, a portion of a seeding machine 10 is shown. As shown, seeding machine 10 is in the form of a tillage planter
    Petition 870180023864, of 03/23/2018, p. 9/36
    4/10 in a row, but it can also be other forms of machines. Figure 1 illustrates a single row unit 12 of a multi-row planter, with each row tillage unit 12 being substantially identical and connected to a machine frame 14, shown as a tool bar. Only a single tillage unit in a row 12 is shown and described below for simplicity. The row tillage unit 12 includes a frame of the multi-part row unit 16 which is attached to the tool bar by the parallel pivot system 18. The tool bar is coupled with a drive unit (not shown), such as the an agricultural tractor. For example, the toolbar can be attached to a farm tractor using a drawbar or a three-point hitch assembly. That tool bar can be coupled with transport wheel sets, with marker arms, etc., which can be of conventional design and not shown for clarity.
    [0011] Frame 16 carries a double disk ditch opener 20 to form a seed ditch 26 in the soil 27. An optional coulter wheel 22 and row cleaner 23, particularly for use in non-uphill situations, can be placed at front of the double disc ditch opener 20. A pair of ditch depth adjustment elements 25 in the form of groove depth control wheels 24 are respectively associated with the pair of discs of such double disc ditch opener 20 More particularly, each groove depth control wheel 24 is generally positioned in line with and immediately adjacent to the outside of each respective double disc ditch opener disk 20. The groove depth control wheels 24 can be adjusted vertically to change the depth of the ditch that is cut into the ground using the double disc ditch opener 20.
    [0012] A seed dispenser 32 is also loaded by the frame
    16. Seed feeder 32 receives seed from a seed hopper 28 loaded above the seed feeder in the frame 16. The feeder unit
    Petition 870180023864, of 03/23/2018, p. 10/36
    5/10 seed is not illustrated. Seed doser 32 sequentially delivers seed in a seed tube 36 through which the seed falls by gravity into ditch 26, or another delivery device. A ditch closing arrangement follows behind the groove depth control wheels with a pair of closing wheels 42 positioned, in general, in line with the double disc ditch opener 20. Closing wheels 42 are preferably predisposed in one downward direction and have a peripheral edge with a shape that can vary depending on the application. The closing wheels 42 push the soil back into the ditch 26 when the seeds are deposited there. The closing wheels 42 serve as an element of contact with the ground.
    [0013] Row unit 12 is equipped with a downforce actuator of row 43 in an adjustable pneumatic downforce cylinder 44. That downforce actuator of row 43 acts between the frame of the machine 14 and the lower hinges of the hinge system 18 to apply downward force to the row unit to ensure that there is a desired force from the depth control wheels of the groove 24 acting on the ground. This ensures that the double disc ditch opener 20 is forming the ditch 26 at the desired depth. The sum or amount of the downward force on the row unit, and thus the soil force on the groove depth control wheels 24, is measured by a load sensor on pivot pin 46 at the wheel depth adjustment joint groove depth control 48. A suitable load sensing pin is shown in WO 2008/086283 A2. Load sensors can be placed in a variety of places on the support arm of the groove depth control wheel 49 or adjustment joint 48. As described in more detail below, a controller receives a signal from the load sensor on pin 46 and controls the pressure in the cylinder 44 accordingly to achieve a desired downward force on the groove depth control wheels.
    [0014] To ensure proper closure of the seed ditch 26,
    Petition 870180023864, of 03/23/2018, p. 11/36
    6/10 the trench closure arrangement 40 provides controlled downward force on the closing wheels. The control can be dynamic, namely, changing the downforce during machine operation either automatically (closed circuit) or manually (open circuit). The trench closure arrangement 40 includes a mounting frame 50 (figures 2-4) attached to the frame of the row unit 16 at its rear. The shelf 51 of the mounting frame 50 is used to attach the mounting frame to the frame of the row unit 16. Although the mounting frame 50 is a separate piece, once attached to the frame 16, it functions as part of the frame of the unit row 16. Mounting frame 50 is a separate part to allow other closing operations to be installed on the row unit, but could be integrated with frame 16, if desired. A pivot arm 52 is rotationally coupled to the row unit frame via mounting frame 50. Closing wheels 42 are mounted on pivot arm 52. Pivot arm 52 serves as a first pivot in a parallelogram pivot system 54. Pivot system 54 includes a second hinge 56 and a coupler 58 connected to the first hinge, i.e., pivot arm 52, and to the second hinge 56. A pneumatic cylinder 60 is connected between the mounting frame 50 and the coupler 58 and serves as a downforce actuator ditch closure 61. When pressure on cylinder 60 is high, the closing wheels 42 exert greater force on the ground to close ditch 26.
    [0015] As shown in figure 3, a sliding element 62 connects the coupler 58 to the pivot arm 52. This allows a limited degree of lateral movement of the pivot arm 52, while the cylinder 60 and the coupler 58 remain fixed laterally. Coupler 58 moves only in a vertical direction. Figure 4 is a sectional view through the attachment of the pivot arm 52 to the mounting frame 50. The attachment of each leg 66 is symmetrical. Screw 67 and nut 68 attach the leg to the mounting frame using a bushing 69. Leg 66 does not make direct contact with mounting frame 50. Instead,
    Petition 870180023864, of 03/23/2018, p. 12/36 / 10 the bushing 69 fits into the mounting frame 50. The surface of the sleeve 70 is curved and complementary to the curved surface 71 of the mounting frame. Screw 67 extends through an extending slot 72 back and forth in the mounting frame. Slit 72 and curved surfaces 70 and 71 allow the pivot arm 52 to be adjusted around a vertical axis to adjust the location side by side of the closing wheels 42 to ensure that they are centered over the ditch 26. The bushing 69 has a projection 73 which is seated in the slot 72 to orient the bushing properly for matching surfaces 70 and 71. The slide element 62 allows the pivot arm 52 to be adjusted without affecting the location of the lower end of the cylinder 60.
    [0016] The screw 64 that connects the slide element 62 with the pivot arm 52 can be a load sensing pin that has a load sensor similar to the aforementioned pin 46. The sensor measures the load acting on the ground by the closing wheels. Screw 64 is just one position among many that may be suitable for a load sensor to measure the load on the closing wheels. Any of the pivot pins in the closing wheel arrangement can be used to measure the load. Alternatively, a load cell can be attached to or integrated with the pivot arm or other joints in the closing wheel arrangement.
    [0017] A control system 74 is schematically illustrated in figure 5. A controller 76 receives a load signal from a load sensor 78, such as screw 64. An input device 80 allows a machine operator to enter a down force desired in said controller. Said controller, in turn, generates a signal for an air pressure source 82, causing the pressure to increase or decrease. The air pressure is then directed to the actuator, or to the pneumatic cylinder 60. It will be readily appreciated that such a pressure source 82 could be a fixed pressure source, which is constant, and the controller connected to a regulating valve between the pressure source and the cylinder 60. As used here,
    Petition 870180023864, of 03/23/2018, p. 13/36
    8/10 reference to the controller being operationally connected to an actuator to vary the load applied to the ground means that such controller is connected to a pressure source or pressure control valve for pressure operated actuators or to an electrical control for an actuator electric. Any connection that allows the controller to operate the actuator is intended to be included. [0018] An open circuit control system 90 is shown in figure 6, where equal components of control system 74 are provided with the same reference number. In said control system 90, such controller is replaced by a monitor 92. Said monitor 92 receives the output signal from the load sensor 78 and displays such load to an operator. The operator then uses input device 80 to control the pressure to operate the ditch closing down force actuator 60. As illustrated, the input device operates via monitor 92. Alternatively, the operator's input can be directly at the source pressure valve 82 or a pressure regulating valve, etc.
    [0019] The control system is capable of dynamic control (closed circuit control) or open circuit control to vary the downward force on the closing wheels with varying field conditions as the seeder moves through a field. Alternatively, said control system can be used to initially adjust the air pressure in the cylinder and then not change the pressure during operation. In such a case, a load sensor 78 is not necessary. Such a system would provide an advantage over a mechanical closing down force system in that a single input to the controller or manual valve adjustment can adjust the closing wheel down force in all or multiple row units without the need for manually adjust springs on each row unit individually. A load sensor 78, in a row unit 12, can be used as the feedback input to control the pressure in cylinders 60 of multiple row units in the seeder.
    Petition 870180023864, of 03/23/2018, p. 14/36
    9/10
    In other words, a load sensor is not required for each row unit 12. Perhaps, a load sensor for each section of the seeder frame is sufficient.
    [0020] Another control system 86 is shown in figure 7 with common components between control system 74 and control system 86 provided with the same reference number, not being described again. Control system 86 uses a load sensor to measure the down force on the row unit. The load measured by that load sensor 78 is used to control both the downward force of the row unit and the downward force of the closing wheel. Alternatively, two or more load sensors can be used in the control system 86, one measuring the load on the ditch depth adjustment element and the other measuring the load on the closing wheel. Control system 86 has valve 88 connected to pressure source 82 and supplies pressure to cylinder 60 for the closing wheel down force actuator as well as cylinder 44 for the downward force of the row unit. That valve 82 controls the pressure, independently of the two actuators 44, 60, that is, each actuator can be supplied with a different pressure. Thus, a single control system is used to control both the downward force of the row unit and the downward force of the closing wheel. Such valve 88 could be two separate valves, if desired. The aspect of presenting two separate actuators for the downward force of the row unit and the downward force of the ditch closing wheels, with independent pressure control on those two actuators, allows maximum flexibility for the operator in controlling the downward force of that row unit. and the closing wheels. Alternatively, a pressure regulator could be used to articulate and / or adjust forces between the two systems, either in an open circuit or in a closed circuit. Multiple cylinders 60 and 44 of multiple row units can be controlled with a controller 76 or manual adjustment.
    Petition 870180023864, of 03/23/2018, p. 15/36
    10/10 [0021] In its simplest form, the downward force arrangement of the closing wheels includes an operable actuator to vary the downward force on the closing wheels as the machine moves through a field and a key or control accessible by the operator activate the actuator to vary the downward force. A load sensor and a monitor for the operator to see the measured load are optional.
    [0022] While the downward force arrangement of the closing wheel is revealed and described in the context of a pneumatic cylinder used as the actuator, other actuators may be used, such as hydraulic, electronic or electromechanical, etc. The type of actuator is not critical. By providing control of the downward force of the closing wheels, the machine operator is able to better ensure that that seed ditch is properly closed. A pressure-based actuator, pneumatic or hydraulic, allows for more constant downward force over a whole range of loads, when compared to a mechanical system.
    [0023] Although a pair of closing wheels 42 have been illustrated, it will be appreciated that any of a variety of ground contact elements can be used in place of closing wheels 42. Alternatives include a packing wheel, a single closing wheel, a tooth or tip closing device or any combination thereof, etc. Additional fixing members or accessories can be mounted on the rear end 53 of the pivot arm 52.
    [0024] Having described the seeding machine, it will be evident that several modifications can be made within the scope of the attached drawings.
    Petition 870180023864, of 03/23/2018, p. 16/36
    1/3
    权利要求:
    Claims (8)
    [1]
    1. Row unit (12) for a sowing machine (10), comprising: a row unit frame (16) being adapted to be mounted on a machine frame (14); a ditch opener (20) and a ditch depth adjustment element (25), both being mounted on the frame of the row unit (16); and a trench closing arrangement (40) movably mounted on the frame of the row unit (16), the trench closing arrangement (40) having a ground contact element (42), and a force actuator downward ditch closure (61) being operable to vary force applied to the ground by the ground contact element (42), in which the ditch closure arrangement (40) includes a pivot arm (52) that is rotationally coupled to the frame of the row unit (16) with the ground contact element (42) mounted on the pivot arm (52), characterized in that said pivot arm (52) is a first joint of a parallelogram articulated system (54) together with a second joint (56) and a coupler (58), those first and second joints (52, 56) being connected to that frame of the row unit (16) and the coupler (58) connected to each of said first and second joints (52, 56), and in which that closing down force actuator of the trench (61) is connected between the frame of the row unit (16) and the coupler (58) to move the coupler (58) and, with this, the pivot arm (52) to vary a load applied to the ground by the element contact with the ground (42), in which the connection between said coupler (58) and said pivot arm (52) allows lateral adjustment of the pivot arm (52) in relation to the coupler (58).
    [2]
    2. Row unit (12), according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising a control system (74) that includes a load sensor (78) adapted to detect a load applied by the ground contact element ( 42) to the ground and a controller (76) that receives a signal from the load sensor (78), in which said controller (76) is operationally connected to the downward ditch actuator (61)
    Petition 870180023864, of 03/23/2018, p. 17/36
    2/3 to vary the load applied by the ground contact element (42) to the ground.
    [3]
    3. Row unit (12), according to claim 2, characterized in that the controller (76) is adapted to dynamically operate the ditch closing down force actuator (61) to vary the load applied by the contact element with the terrain (42) to the ground.
    [4]
    4. Row unit (12), according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising a control system (90) that includes a load sensor (78) adapted to detect a load applied to the ground, a monitor (92) receiving a signal from the load sensor (78) and displaying the load to an operator and an operator input (80) to operate the ditch closing down force actuator (61) to vary the load applied by the element contact with the ground (42) to the ground.
    [5]
    Row unit (12) according to claim 1, characterized in that the trench closing arrangement (40) includes an articulated system (54) through which the ground contact element (42) is mounted movable way in the row unit frame (16).
    [6]
    6. Row unit (12), according to claim 1, characterized in that the ditch closing down force actuator (61) is one of a pneumatic cylinder (60), a hydraulic cylinder, and an electromechanical actuator.
    [7]
    Row unit (12) according to claim 1, characterized in that it also comprises an articulated system (18) that mounts the frame of the row unit (16) on the frame of the machine (14), a downward actuator of the row unit (44) operable to vary a downforce in the row unit (12) and a control system (86) including at least one load sensor (78) adapted to detect a load applied to the ground, and a controller (76) which receives a signal from the load sensor (78), in which the controller (76) is operationally connected to both the actuator
    Petition 870180023864, of 03/23/2018, p. 18/36
    3/3 downward force of the row unit (44) for the downward trenching actuator (61) to vary the load applied to the ground by the ditch depth adjustment element (25) and the contact element with the terrain (42).
    [8]
    8. Row unit (12) according to claim 7, characterized in that the control system (86) comprises two load sensors (78), with a sensor adapted to detect the load applied to the soil by the regulating element of the ditch depth (25) and with a second load sensor adapted to detect the load applied to the ground by the contact element with the ground (42).
    Petition 870180023864, of 03/23/2018, p. 19/36
    1/4
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    法律状态:
    2013-06-11| B03A| Publication of an application: publication of a patent application or of a certificate of addition of invention|
    2017-12-26| B06A| Notification to applicant to reply to the report for non-patentability or inadequacy of the application according art. 36 industrial patent law|
    2018-09-04| B09A| Decision: intention to grant|
    2018-11-06| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 10/04/2012, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US13/083,789|US8910582B2|2011-04-11|2011-04-11|Row unit for a seeding machine having active downforce control for the closing wheels|
    US13/083789|2011-04-11|
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